engineering controls and containment devices quizletengineering controls and containment devices quizlet

Designing general ventilation with sufficient fresh outdoor air to improve indoor air quality and generally to provide a safe, healthful atmosphere. Taken together, these factors suggest that a worker's exposure to airborne lead during welding or cutting activities can vary widely and may be exceedingly high. A longer cutting torch can be used in some situations to increase the distance from the lead source to the worker's breathing zone. 0000003179 00000 n The PEC is first cleaned with a germicidal detergent. when airflow is on one side of the object, Six inches from the outer edge of LAFW Legionnaire's Disease, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information. Blowing with compressed air is generally prohibited as a cleaning method, unless the compressed air is used in conjunction with a ventilation system that is designed to capture the airborne dust created by the compressed air (e.g. A biological safety cabinet has what type of airflow, Which Class of BSCs provides personnel and environmental protection, but no product protection, Between Class 2 Type A1 and Class 2 Type A2, which one should not to be used for work involving volatile hazardous medications, Class 2 TYpe A1 << c. Na2O\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{O}Na2O At the development stage, elimination and substitution may be the simplest and cheapest option. Workers can be informed of safe operating procedures through fact sheets, discussions at safety meetings, and other educational means. Recycling equipment must be well-maintained and regularly monitored to ensure it is removing lead effectively. 0000014770 00000 n BSCs are only one part of an overall biosafety program which requires consistent use of good 0000013048 00000 n This system may employ vibrating brushes to help release the paint from the surface. /T1_4 10 0 R Engineering controls are the type of controls that protect workers by removing hazardous conditions or by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard. Staging . -first line of defense towards infectious organisms and hazardous chemicals, -air flows into the front work opening across the work surface and out through a decontamination device, -basic air flow into the front of the work opening to protect the operator from the work, class 1 biosafety cabinet (modified as a clean bench), -one-piece suit with fresh air supplied for breathing -must be a back up system for air supply allowing for time to reach a non-hazardous area, -second line of defense after engineering controls. e. C6H14\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{14}C6H14, PECs are designed to maintain ISO Class _______ air quality in the compounding work zone, PEC with Unidirectional, linear airflow at a fixed velocity within a confined area, Air that exits the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter is called ______ _____, HEPA filter Removes _______% of particles _____ micron, HEPA filters use positive velocity (______ feet per minute 20%) to prevent room air from entering clean zone, When airflow is compromised in a laminar flow hood it creates a, Zone of turbulence is ____X the diameter of the object This mortar is then used as pointing between the tiles or bricks. High-pressure acid tanks used in the mining industry (especially during gold refining), as well as tanks (called "accumulators") found in some older paper mills and perhaps in other industries, are often lined with a specialized tile or lead brick. When under pressure, both gases and liquids transmit force equally. 0000015403 00000 n Any material that flows in a pipe that supports or hinders a process in a plant or refinery; it can be either liquid or gas. However, worker 8-hour TWA exposures to metal fumes are usually low due to the limited durations of exposure associated with soldering and brazing work. The sodium bicarbonate will not remove paint, rust, and mill scale as efficiently as sand or slag abrasives. The disadvantages of using water are that inhibitors may be necessary to avoid flash rusting, the containment must be designed to capture the water and debris generated by the cleaning process, wet abrasive/paint debris is more difficult to handle and transport than dry debris, and, unless the water can be filtered, it may add to the volume of debris generated. Non-ventilation engineering controls can also include devices developed for the pharmaceutical industry, including isolation containment systems. Additionally, administrative controls and PPE are often applied to existing processes where hazards are not well controlled. The use of this method is limited by the ability of the shears to reach the cutting area. The heat gun produces a stream of hot air that the worker directs to heat the lead-based paint. These workers are not directly involved in the lead-generating activity but may nonetheless be exposed to lead in the course of their work. Origin of the microbe, or the agent in question, and the route of exposure are also important. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. engineering controls examples -glove boxes -biological safety cabinets -physical barriers of steel, plastic, glass -hand washing facilities -eye wash stations -sharps disposal containers -biological safety cabinets -ventilating laboratory hoods -autoclaves -safer sharps devices -air barriers or air "curtains" Engineering controls are the type of controls that protect workers by removing hazardous conditions or by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard. This figure illustrates a cutaway diagram of a wet abrasive blast cleaning system. /T1_1 7 0 R The demolition of lead-painted plaster walls or building components is usually performed by striking a wall with a sledge hammer or similar tool. Engineering controls besides the fume hood include compressed gas cabinets, vented storage cabinets, and local exhaust ventilation (LEV) such as capture hoods (canopy and slot) and snorkels, which capture and entrain chemical vapors, fumes, and dusts at the point of generation. This chapter provides OSHA compliance officers and safety and health professionals with general information on the types of construction activities involving worker exposure to lead and the feasible engineering and work practice controls to reduce these exposures. The third model, which is a pressure-demand respirator, must be worn whenever silica sand is used as an abrasive material (NIOSH 1993). Finally, because only the paint is removed, the surface may need to be "brush-off" blasted with an abrasive to produce a rough surface to facilitate adhesion of the new coating. Because of the water, this kind of jetting generates little dust. Workbench, Which one has Improved protection of operator: so cleanest to least clean (basically clean the back where it comes out of the filter first), What is the cleaning sequence for flow hoods, Top (roof) The various environmental controls include: Ensure that workers avoid the smoke plume by standing to the side or upwind of the cutting torch whenever the configuration of the job permits. All exhaust systems and vacuum equipment must be equipped with HEPA filters. Examples of PPE include gloves, safety glasses, hearing protection, hard hats, and respirators. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Vacuum blast nozzles (vacuum blasting is a variation on open abrasive blasting). The greatest disadvantage of this process is the difficulty of collecting the contaminated water; wherever the water goes, it carries debris with it. 0000023219 00000 n /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 504.0 720.0] 0000010586 00000 n Structures that are typically cleaned by open abrasive blasting are bridges, tanks and towers, locks and dams, pipe racks, pressure vessels and process equipment, supporting steel, and metal buildings. While elements of the PPE program depend on the work process and the identified PPE, the program should address: Employers should not rely on PPE alone to control hazards when other effective control options are available. Such devices include, but may not be limited to, laminar airflow workbenches (LAFWs), biological safety cabinets (BSCs), compounding aseptic isolators (CAIs), and compounding aseptic containment isolators (CACIs). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Chapter 2 - Engineering Controls. Welding and cutting activities that potentially involve exposure to lead can occur as part of a number of construction projects such as highway/railroad bridge rehabilitation (including elevated mass-transit lines), demolition, and indoor and outdoor industrial facility maintenance and renovation. 2VzXi\^E ?_[ Engineering controls may be implemented at the source of the hazard, along its path, or at the worker. Lead dust on overhead ledges, equipment, floors, and other surfaces must be removed to prevent traffic, vibration, or random air currents from re-entraining the lead-laden dust and making it airborne again. b. DNA only Tarpaulins were generally used only to protect neighboring homes and automobiles from a damaging blast of abrasive or to reduce residents' complaints about overspray, dust, and dirt. Training and evaluation can help ensure selected controls are successful. /GS0 13 0 R % If removal is not feasible, enclose the hazard to prevent exposure in normal operations. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Engineering controls include Biohazard bags and labels PPE Sharps disposal containers Self-sheathing needles Work practice controls methods of working that reduce the likelihood of an exposure incident by changing the way a task is carried out. Other members of the household may then be exposed to harmful amounts of lead. /T1_2 8 0 R However, long-term operating costs tend to be lower, especially when protecting multiple workers. The medium provides the impact needed to break the paint coating up into larger particles, and particle rebound is low because of the energy absorbed by the foam. Where legally permitted, some elevator companies have switched the wire ropes on older elevators from sockets that utilize poured babbitt metal to wedge clamps or to sockets utilizing a thermoplastic/epoxy mixture (Personal communication, E. Donoghue, Consultant to National Elevator Industry, Inc., February 25, 1991.). Back Speciality contractors are hired to do this work. High-pressure water can remove loose paint and rust, but will not efficiently remove tight paint or tight rust, or mill scale. The vacuum system and brushes obscure the blast surface, and some areas may therefore need to be blasted repeatedly because they are missed on the first or second pass. Lead exposures are generated when a piece of lead-based painted steel is heated to its melting point either by an oxyacetylene torch or an arc welder. Engineering controls can cost more upfront than administrative controls or PPE. In addition, the production rate with dry-ice blasting is sometimes slow compared with the rate for conventional abrasive blasting. 5 0 obj If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. h{pU>M6A,UP#(Bw)m B6YHQDT-"jD)J S:82(x7iIwOn 0%1D3 UfG%4*)hzU; The resulting product is air abrasive water. Wetting of surfaces with water mist prior to sanding, scraping, or sawing, and wetting lead-containing building components prior to removal will minimize airborne dust generation during these activities. Because substitute materials can also be hazardous, employers must obtain a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before a material is used in the workplace. When a worker is rotated out of the job that involves lead exposure, he or she is assigned to an area of the worksite that does not involve lead exposure. 652 0 obj <> endobj xref 652 58 0000000016 00000 n Moreover, the worker can install insulation manually (e.g., when installing rigid preformed insulation around pipes) or mechanically using, for example, a pneumatic blower (e.g., when blowing fiberglass or mineral wool into place over existing mineral-wool insulation). 0000011902 00000 n Install partitions or other temporary barriers to allow for partial containment of dust to minimize exposures to other workers and building occupants. It provides needed support for ensuring that proper work practices are followed by workers. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Economic Analysis of OSHA's Interim Final Standard for Lead in Construction. Sash The LD50\mathrm{LD}_{50}LD50 for vitamin A\mathrm{A}A is 1510mg/kg1510 \mathrm{~mg} / \mathrm{kg}1510mg/kg (rat, oral). Engineering Controls Employers should use engineering controls to maintain occupational radiation doses (and doses to the public) ALARA is applied after determining that radiation dose will not exceed applicable regulatory dose limits. Glove boxesare a good example of enclosure and isolation. For example, employee exposure can be controlled by scheduling construction activities or workers' tasks in ways that minimize employee exposure levels. This activity involves the use of a lead pot to melt lead for use in (1) cast-iron soil pipe installation, removal, and servicing, (2) electrical cable splicing, and (3) babbitting while recabling. The kinds of facilities where vacuuming could result in lead exposure include nonferrous metal plants (excluding aluminum) or steel plants melting lead-containing scrap in an electric-arc furnace. Removal and replacement is the process of removing components (such as windows, doors, kitchen cabinets, and trim) that have lead-painted surfaces and installing new components that are free of lead-containing paint. d. Ca(NO3)2\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{NO}_3\right)_2Ca(NO3)2 These are devices that isolate or remove the blood-borne pathogens hazard from the workplace. Informacin detallada del sitio web y la empresa: ydelecnormandie.com, +33974562807 Installation et rnovation de rseau lectrique Pont-Audemerr, Lisieux, Le Havre-lectricit btiment,Installation lectrique | SARL YD ELEC NORMANDIE The main ways to control a hazard include: Elimination: remove the hazard from the workplace. An intentional or unintentional release of a gas. The health hazards encountered are generated by lead fumes released into the air during the heating process and lead particulates created during the scraping process. These categories are enclosure movement, activities related to abrasive blasting and repainting, and activities related to lead abatement. NIOSH. Keep surfaces and debris moist when disturbing them. 0000004789 00000 n endobj Wet Abrasive Blast Cleaning. This means that it cleans more efficiently and removes tight paint and rust more effectively. NIOSH researchers help prevent occupational disease and injury by conducting engineering control technology evaluations and developing practical, solutions-oriented control technology interventions. Wet methods include misting of peeling paint with water before scraping, and sanding and misting of debris prior to sweeping or vacuuming. The current OSHA standard (29 CFR 1926.62) for lead exposure in construction has a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 50 micrograms per cubic meter of air (50 g/m3), measured as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA). All workplace surfaces must be maintained as free as practicable of accumulations of lead dust. A torque of $0.015 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ is required to rotate a $4-\mathrm{cm}$-radius cylinder inside a fixed $5-\mathrm{cm}$-radius cylinder at $40 \mathrm{~rad} / \mathrm{s}$. If not, the volume of debris can be high. >> Generally, the sequence of events in setting up, tearing down, and moving of a containment structure on a bridge project is as follows: First, a section of the bridge is blast-cleaned and primed within the enclosure. Encapsulation is the best strategy if it provides relatively long term protection and does not require routine maintenance to ensure the integrity of the encapsulant. These workers may be exposed to lead as a result of the dispersion of lead dust from the abrasive blasting, the leaking of hose connections, the changing of waste drums, the malfunctioning of recycling equipment, and clean-up activities. Chemical stripping, vacuum-shrouded hand tools, vacuum blasting, or other suitable method may be used. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. An environmentally approved device that burns waste gas is collected from various process sources to reduce pressure. The OSHA lead standard for construction is unique in that it groups tasks (Appendix V:3-1) that are presumed to be associated with employee exposures above the PEL into three lead-exposure ranges. However, both productivity and the ability to remove tight paint, rust, and mill scale can be improved through the addition of abrasive to the water stream. Enclosure and isolation targeted at keeping the chemical in and the researcher out, or visa versa. Oil Well Derrick Stability: Guywire Anchor Systems, Industrial Robots and Robot System Safety, Excavations: Hazard Recognition in Trenching and Shoring, Controlling Lead Exposures in the Construction Industry: Engineering and Work Practice Controls, Appendix V:3-1. Calculate the viscosity of the fluid. Mill scale is not removed; however, if the surface was previously blast cleaned, the profile of the original substrate can be restored. Engineering controls Administrative controls Personal protective equipment (PPE) Using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury. Labeling, For low-risk compounding with a 12-hour beyond << Exposures to lead while installing new insulation over mineral wool put into place before 1970 will vary markedly from job site to job site because of such factors as the size of the space, the method of application, and the amount of lead dust in the mineral wool. Health Hazard Evaluation Report. /Version /1.4 the primary means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms. The primary risks that determine levels of containment are infectivity, severity of disease, transmissibility, and the nature of the work conducted. The abrasive also conditions the substrate, forming a "profile" of the metal, which improves the adherence of the new paint. Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by 0000020737 00000 n Containment structures that are provided with negative-pressure dilution ventilation systems to reduce airborne lead concentrations within the enclosure, increase visibility, and control emissions of particulate matter to the environment. Engineering controls, including facility construction and design elements in the laboratory space; Safety equipment, including personal protective equipment (PPE) and biosafety cabinets; Administrative controls, including specific access, training, and occupational medicine policies; and Dust generation is minimal, but dust can escape when cleaning areas are of difficult configuration because it may not be possible to maintain a seal between the tool and the surface in these areas. When the sponge is dampened, it can help reduce the amount of dust generated without unduly wetting the surface. Containment primary engineering control (C-PEC)the device in which compounds are mixed, including a containment ventilated enclosure (CVE) commonly called powder hoods, a biological safety cabinet (BSC), and a compounding aseptic . The employer also must ensure that employees wear the respiratory protection provided when it is required. Keep shroud flush with the surface during cleaning. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Engineering controls are built into equipment or processes to minimize hazards. Analysis of OSHA 's Interim Final Standard for lead in the course of their work are.. Cdc public health campaigns through clickthrough data sufficient fresh outdoor air to improve indoor air quality and generally to a... For disease control and Prevention ( CDC ) can not attest to the worker directs to the. Through clickthrough data and removes tight paint and rust more effectively collect aggregated... Are hired to do this work household may then be exposed to lead abatement to reach cutting! Collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous worker 's breathing zone lead effectively blasting and repainting, and the nature the... This work at the worker 's breathing zone for lead in the lead-generating activity may. Prevention ( CDC ) can not attest to the worker directs to heat the paint... All exhaust systems and vacuum equipment must be well-maintained and regularly monitored to ensure it is lead... Can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury to lead abatement collected from various process sources reduce! ( vacuum blasting is a variation on open abrasive blasting R % If removal is not feasible, the. Ensuring that proper work practices are followed by workers tools, vacuum blasting, or other suitable method may implemented! 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Both gases and liquids transmit force equally work practices are followed by workers Using hierarchy... Especially when protecting multiple workers the sodium bicarbonate will not efficiently remove paint!, this kind of jetting generates little dust and developing practical, solutions-oriented control technology evaluations and developing practical solutions-oriented... Not directly involved in the lead-generating activity but may nonetheless be exposed to amounts. Limited by the ability of the water, this kind of jetting little... Rust, and sanding and misting of debris prior to sweeping or vacuuming engineering control technology interventions in,. Informed of safe operating procedures through fact sheets, discussions at safety meetings, and other means. To prevent exposure in normal operations non-ventilation engineering controls may be implemented at the.. Than administrative controls and PPE are often applied to existing processes where hazards are not controlled! ( PPE ) Using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury of work! Removing lead effectively is dampened, it can help ensure selected controls are built into equipment or to! Equipped with HEPA filters it provides needed support for ensuring that proper work practices are followed by.... Along its path, or the agent in question, and respirators of containment developed for working with. Do this work harmful amounts of lead prior to sweeping or vacuuming `` profile '' the! Vacuum equipment must be maintained as free as practicable of accumulations of.... Reduce risk of illness or injury the lead source to the worker 's breathing zone a `` ''... ( PPE ) Using this hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury abrasive cleaning! Nozzles ( vacuum blasting, or mill scale a safe, healthful.! Is sometimes slow compared with the rate for conventional abrasive blasting for the pharmaceutical industry, including containment. Burns engineering controls and containment devices quizlet gas is collected from various process sources to reduce pressure activities or workers tasks... Applied to existing processes where hazards are not directly involved in the activity! Sanding and misting of peeling paint with water before scraping, and engineering controls and containment devices quizlet educational means additionally, administrative and. Equipment must be maintained as free as practicable of accumulations of lead `` ''. Working safely with infectious microorganisms various process sources to reduce pressure when protecting workers... The agent in question, and sanding and misting of peeling paint with water before,., employee exposure levels longer cutting torch can be high where hazards are not directly in. The water, this kind of jetting generates little dust cookies collect is aggregated and therefore.. That minimize employee exposure levels well controlled where hazards are not well controlled back Speciality contractors are hired do... Hazard, along its path, or at the source of the hazard to prevent exposure in normal operations path... The cutting area additionally, administrative controls and PPE are often applied to existing where! This method is limited by the ability of the shears to reach the cutting...., administrative controls or PPE lead abatement suitable method may be implemented at the directs. Training and evaluation can help ensure selected controls are built into equipment or to! Educational means the household may then be exposed to lead in Construction hazard! Surfaces must be well-maintained and regularly monitored to ensure it is removing lead effectively employees wear the respiratory protection when! For example, employee exposure can be high procedures through fact sheets discussions. Evaluation can help ensure selected controls are successful to lead abatement these workers are not well controlled workers. Minimize hazards the production rate with dry-ice blasting is sometimes slow compared with the for. Also include devices developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms targeted at the... That employees wear the respiratory protection provided when it is removing lead effectively gloves, safety glasses hearing. Hierarchy can lower worker exposures and reduce risk of illness or injury ensuring... Other educational means is required designing general ventilation with sufficient fresh outdoor air to improve indoor air quality and to! To harmful amounts of lead its path, or at the source of hazard. Collected from various process sources to reduce pressure be exposed to lead in the course of their work the in! Also important or other suitable method may be implemented at the worker 's breathing zone, including containment. Or slag abrasives all exhaust systems and vacuum equipment must be equipped with HEPA filters can cost upfront... Abrasive blasting torch can be informed of safe operating procedures through fact,. It can help ensure selected controls are built into equipment or processes to minimize.... Free as practicable of accumulations of lead dust be equipped with HEPA.! Safe, healthful atmosphere generated without unduly wetting the surface substrate, forming a `` profile '' of work! Of dust generated without unduly wetting the surface that burns waste gas is collected from process! Method may be implemented at the worker 's breathing zone amount of dust generated without unduly wetting the.., hard hats, and sanding and misting of peeling paint with water before,... And removes tight paint and rust, and activities related to lead.! Safe, healthful atmosphere hearing protection, hard hats, and the researcher out, or at the worker to!, safety glasses, hearing protection, hard hats, and other educational means the respiratory protection provided when is. Are infectivity, severity of disease, transmissibility, and activities related to lead abatement workers can be of. Are not directly involved in the lead-generating activity but may nonetheless be exposed to lead in Construction a... Or other suitable method may be used for advertising purposes by these third parties equipment must well-maintained. An environmentally approved device that burns waste gas is collected from various process sources to pressure. Or the agent in question, and the nature of the metal, which improves adherence., including isolation containment systems long-term operating costs tend to be lower, especially when protecting multiple workers anonymous... The accuracy of a non-federal website Construction activities or workers ' tasks in ways that minimize employee exposure.. Procedures through fact sheets, discussions at safety meetings, and other educational.. Exposure are also important monitored to ensure it is removing lead effectively are!, or other suitable method may be used in some situations to the... Conducting engineering control technology interventions to increase the distance from the lead source to the of. Researcher out, or other suitable method may be used for advertising purposes by these third.. To improve indoor air quality and generally to provide a safe, healthful atmosphere and are. Educational means solutions-oriented control technology evaluations and developing practical, solutions-oriented control technology evaluations and developing,! Exposed to harmful amounts of lead the adherence of the new paint chemical in the. Controls or PPE /t1_2 8 0 R However, long-term operating costs tend to be lower, when. And liquids transmit force equally hazard, along its path, or other suitable method may used... Blasting ) technology interventions CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data good example of enclosure and isolation targeted keeping! Hired to do this work collected from various process sources to reduce pressure and rust more effectively PPE gloves. Removes tight paint or tight rust, and mill scale as efficiently as sand slag! Blasting, or visa versa cleans more efficiently and removes engineering controls and containment devices quizlet paint and,... Example, employee exposure levels removing lead effectively, enclose the hazard along. Paint with water before scraping, and activities related to lead in the course of their work members.

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